Data ETL Batch vs Streaming MCQ Questions with Answers – Page 2 (Latest 2026)

Q51. Which statement about at-least-once delivery is most accurate?

A. At-most-once. B. Pure best-effort. C. Exactly-once. D. Events possibly duplicated, never lost.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Events possibly duplicated, never lost.

Here, Events possibly duplicated, never lost. is the right choice. Default in many systems. It aligns directly with what the question asks about which statement about at-least-once delivery is most accurate. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q52. How is at-least-once delivery best characterized?

A. Events possibly duplicated, never lost. B. Pure best-effort. C. Exactly-once. D. At-most-once.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Events possibly duplicated, never lost.

In this case, Events possibly duplicated, never lost. is correct. Default in many systems. It aligns directly with what the question asks about how is at-least-once delivery best characterized. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q53. Which option best describes at-most-once?

A. At-least-once. B. Exactly-once. C. Events possibly lost, never duplicated. D. Pure best-effort.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Events possibly lost, never duplicated.

The best option here is Events possibly lost, never duplicated.. Lower guarantees. It aligns directly with what the question asks about which option best describes at-most-once. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q54. What is the primary purpose of at-most-once?

A. At-least-once. B. Pure best-effort. C. Exactly-once. D. Events possibly lost, never duplicated.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Events possibly lost, never duplicated.

For this question, Events possibly lost, never duplicated. is correct. Lower guarantees. It aligns directly with what the question asks about what is the primary purpose of at-most-once. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q55. Which statement about at-most-once is most accurate?

A. At-least-once. B. Pure best-effort. C. Events possibly lost, never duplicated. D. Exactly-once.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Events possibly lost, never duplicated.

Events possibly lost, never duplicated. is the correct answer here. Lower guarantees. It aligns directly with what the question asks about which statement about at-most-once is most accurate. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q56. How is at-most-once best characterized?

A. Events possibly lost, never duplicated. B. At-least-once. C. Exactly-once. D. Pure best-effort.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Events possibly lost, never duplicated.

Here, Events possibly lost, never duplicated. is the right choice. Lower guarantees. This matches the core idea being tested around how is at-most-once best characterized. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q57. Which option best describes exactly-once?

A. At-most-once. B. Each event affects state once. C. Pure best-effort. D. At-least-once.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Each event affects state once.

In this case, Each event affects state once. is correct. Hardest; requires care. This matches the core idea being tested around which option best describes exactly-once. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q58. What is the primary purpose of exactly-once?

A. At-most-once. B. Each event affects state once. C. Pure best-effort. D. At-least-once.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Each event affects state once.

The best option here is Each event affects state once.. Hardest; requires care. This matches the core idea being tested around what is the primary purpose of exactly-once. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q59. Which statement about exactly-once is most accurate?

A. At-most-once. B. At-least-once. C. Each event affects state once. D. Pure best-effort.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Each event affects state once.

For this question, Each event affects state once. is correct. Hardest; requires care. This matches the core idea being tested around which statement about exactly-once is most accurate. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q60. How is exactly-once best characterized?

A. Pure best-effort. B. At-most-once. C. At-least-once. D. Each event affects state once.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Each event affects state once.

Each event affects state once. is the correct answer here. Hardest; requires care. This matches the core idea being tested around how is exactly-once best characterized. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q61. Which option best describes idempotent sinks?

A. Sinks deduping by key/version. B. Pure logs only. C. Random writes. D. Always inserts blindly.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Sinks deduping by key/version.

Here, Sinks deduping by key/version. is the right choice. Achieve effective exactly-once. That is exactly the concept behind which option best describes idempotent sinks in this context. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q62. What is the primary purpose of idempotent sinks?

A. Always inserts blindly. B. Sinks deduping by key/version. C. Pure logs only. D. Random writes.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Sinks deduping by key/version.

In this case, Sinks deduping by key/version. is correct. Achieve effective exactly-once. That is exactly the concept behind what is the primary purpose of idempotent sinks in this context. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q63. Which statement about idempotent sinks is most accurate?

A. Always inserts blindly. B. Random writes. C. Pure logs only. D. Sinks deduping by key/version.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Sinks deduping by key/version.

The best option here is Sinks deduping by key/version.. Achieve effective exactly-once. That is exactly the concept behind which statement about idempotent sinks is most accurate in this context. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q64. How is idempotent sinks best characterized?

A. Sinks deduping by key/version. B. Always inserts blindly. C. Random writes. D. Pure logs only.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Sinks deduping by key/version.

For this question, Sinks deduping by key/version. is correct. Achieve effective exactly-once. That is exactly the concept behind how is idempotent sinks best characterized in this context. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q65. Which option best describes Kafka?

A. A pure cache. B. A pure web server. C. Distributed log/streaming platform. D. A relational DB.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Distributed log/streaming platform.

Distributed log/streaming platform. is the correct answer here. Topics, partitions, consumer groups. That is exactly the concept behind which option best describes kafka in this context. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q66. What is the primary purpose of Kafka?

A. A pure web server. B. A relational DB. C. A pure cache. D. Distributed log/streaming platform.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Distributed log/streaming platform.

Here, Distributed log/streaming platform. is the right choice. Topics, partitions, consumer groups. It fits the requirement in the prompt about what is the primary purpose of kafka. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q67. Which statement about Kafka is most accurate?

A. A relational DB. B. Distributed log/streaming platform. C. A pure web server. D. A pure cache.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Distributed log/streaming platform.

In this case, Distributed log/streaming platform. is correct. Topics, partitions, consumer groups. It fits the requirement in the prompt about which statement about kafka is most accurate. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q68. How is Kafka best characterized?

A. A pure web server. B. A relational DB. C. A pure cache. D. Distributed log/streaming platform.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Distributed log/streaming platform.

The best option here is Distributed log/streaming platform.. Topics, partitions, consumer groups. It fits the requirement in the prompt about how is kafka best characterized. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q69. Which option best describes Kinesis / Pub/Sub?

A. Pure caches. B. Cloud-native streaming services. C. Relational DBs. D. Pure web servers.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Cloud-native streaming services.

For this question, Cloud-native streaming services. is correct. Managed alternatives to Kafka. It fits the requirement in the prompt about which option best describes kinesis / pub/sub. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q70. What is the primary purpose of Kinesis / Pub/Sub?

A. Pure web servers. B. Cloud-native streaming services. C. Pure caches. D. Relational DBs.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Cloud-native streaming services.

Cloud-native streaming services. is the correct answer here. Managed alternatives to Kafka. It fits the requirement in the prompt about what is the primary purpose of kinesis /. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q71. Which statement about Kinesis / Pub/Sub is most accurate?

A. Pure caches. B. Pure web servers. C. Cloud-native streaming services. D. Relational DBs.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Cloud-native streaming services.

Here, Cloud-native streaming services. is the right choice. Managed alternatives to Kafka. This is the most accurate statement for which statement about kinesis / pub/sub is most. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q72. How is Kinesis / Pub/Sub best characterized?

A. Relational DBs. B. Cloud-native streaming services. C. Pure caches. D. Pure web servers.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Cloud-native streaming services.

In this case, Cloud-native streaming services. is correct. Managed alternatives to Kafka. This is the most accurate statement for how is kinesis / pub/sub best characterized. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q73. Which option best describes stateful streaming?

A. Pure stateless mapping. B. Pure RPC only. C. Operators maintain state across events. D. Pure batch only.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Operators maintain state across events.

The best option here is Operators maintain state across events.. E.g., counts, joins, windows. This is the most accurate statement for which option best describes stateful streaming. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q74. What is the primary purpose of stateful streaming?

A. Pure batch only. B. Pure RPC only. C. Pure stateless mapping. D. Operators maintain state across events.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Operators maintain state across events.

For this question, Operators maintain state across events. is correct. E.g., counts, joins, windows. This is the most accurate statement for what is the primary purpose of stateful streaming. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q75. Which statement about stateful streaming is most accurate?

A. Pure batch only. B. Operators maintain state across events. C. Pure stateless mapping. D. Pure RPC only.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Operators maintain state across events.

Operators maintain state across events. is the correct answer here. E.g., counts, joins, windows. This is the most accurate statement for which statement about stateful streaming is most accurate. Competing choices sound plausible, but they miss the key condition.

Q76. How is stateful streaming best characterized?

A. Operators maintain state across events. B. Pure batch only. C. Pure RPC only. D. Pure stateless mapping.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Operators maintain state across events.

Here, Operators maintain state across events. is the right choice. E.g., counts, joins, windows. It aligns directly with what the question asks about how is stateful streaming best characterized. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q77. Which option best describes checkpointing in streaming?

A. Always restart from scratch. B. Periodic snapshots of state for recovery. C. Pure logs only. D. No checkpoints.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Periodic snapshots of state for recovery.

In this case, Periodic snapshots of state for recovery. is correct. Enables resilience. It aligns directly with what the question asks about which option best describes checkpointing in streaming. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q78. What is the primary purpose of checkpointing in streaming?

A. No checkpoints. B. Periodic snapshots of state for recovery. C. Pure logs only. D. Always restart from scratch.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Periodic snapshots of state for recovery.

The best option here is Periodic snapshots of state for recovery.. Enables resilience. It aligns directly with what the question asks about what is the primary purpose of checkpointing in. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q79. Which statement about checkpointing in streaming is most accurate?

A. Periodic snapshots of state for recovery. B. No checkpoints. C. Always restart from scratch. D. Pure logs only.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Periodic snapshots of state for recovery.

For this question, Periodic snapshots of state for recovery. is correct. Enables resilience. It aligns directly with what the question asks about which statement about checkpointing in streaming is most. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q80. How is checkpointing in streaming best characterized?

A. Always restart from scratch. B. No checkpoints. C. Pure logs only. D. Periodic snapshots of state for recovery.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Periodic snapshots of state for recovery.

Periodic snapshots of state for recovery. is the correct answer here. Enables resilience. It aligns directly with what the question asks about how is checkpointing in streaming best characterized. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q81. Which option best describes backpressure?

A. Pure manual control. B. Drop randomly. C. Slow producers when consumers are overwhelmed. D. Crash on overload.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Slow producers when consumers are overwhelmed.

Here, Slow producers when consumers are overwhelmed. is the right choice. Stable systems. This matches the core idea being tested around which option best describes backpressure. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q82. What is the primary purpose of backpressure?

A. Crash on overload. B. Drop randomly. C. Pure manual control. D. Slow producers when consumers are overwhelmed.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Slow producers when consumers are overwhelmed.

In this case, Slow producers when consumers are overwhelmed. is correct. Stable systems. This matches the core idea being tested around what is the primary purpose of backpressure. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q83. Which statement about backpressure is most accurate?

A. Crash on overload. B. Drop randomly. C. Pure manual control. D. Slow producers when consumers are overwhelmed.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Slow producers when consumers are overwhelmed.

The best option here is Slow producers when consumers are overwhelmed.. Stable systems. This matches the core idea being tested around which statement about backpressure is most accurate. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q84. How is backpressure best characterized?

A. Slow producers when consumers are overwhelmed. B. Pure manual control. C. Crash on overload. D. Drop randomly.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Slow producers when consumers are overwhelmed.

For this question, Slow producers when consumers are overwhelmed. is correct. Stable systems. This matches the core idea being tested around how is backpressure best characterized. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q85. Which option best describes end-to-end latency?

A. Pure storage size. B. Pure throughput. C. Pure CPU usage. D. Time from event to processed result.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Time from event to processed result.

Time from event to processed result. is the correct answer here. Streaming SLO. This matches the core idea being tested around which option best describes end-to-end latency. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q86. What is the primary purpose of end-to-end latency?

A. Pure storage size. B. Pure CPU usage. C. Time from event to processed result. D. Pure throughput.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Time from event to processed result.

Here, Time from event to processed result. is the right choice. Streaming SLO. That is exactly the concept behind what is the primary purpose of end-to-end latency in this context. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q87. Which statement about end-to-end latency is most accurate?

A. Pure CPU usage. B. Pure throughput. C. Pure storage size. D. Time from event to processed result.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Time from event to processed result.

In this case, Time from event to processed result. is correct. Streaming SLO. That is exactly the concept behind which statement about end-to-end latency is most accurate in this context. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q88. How is end-to-end latency best characterized?

A. Pure storage size. B. Pure CPU usage. C. Time from event to processed result. D. Pure throughput.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Time from event to processed result.

The best option here is Time from event to processed result.. Streaming SLO. That is exactly the concept behind how is end-to-end latency best characterized in this context. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q89. Which option best describes throughput?

A. Pure storage. B. Pure latency. C. Events processed per second. D. Pure error rate.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Events processed per second.

For this question, Events processed per second. is correct. Capacity metric. That is exactly the concept behind which option best describes throughput in this context. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q90. What is the primary purpose of throughput?

A. Pure error rate. B. Events processed per second. C. Pure latency. D. Pure storage.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Events processed per second.

Events processed per second. is the correct answer here. Capacity metric. That is exactly the concept behind what is the primary purpose of throughput in this context. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q91. Which statement about throughput is most accurate?

A. Pure error rate. B. Events processed per second. C. Pure latency. D. Pure storage.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Events processed per second.

Here, Events processed per second. is the right choice. Capacity metric. It fits the requirement in the prompt about which statement about throughput is most accurate. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q92. How is throughput best characterized?

A. Events processed per second. B. Pure latency. C. Pure error rate. D. Pure storage.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Events processed per second.

In this case, Events processed per second. is correct. Capacity metric. It fits the requirement in the prompt about how is throughput best characterized. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q93. Which option best describes Lambda architecture?

A. Pure RPC only. B. Pure batch only. C. Batch + stream layers reconciled. D. Pure stream.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Batch + stream layers reconciled.

The best option here is Batch + stream layers reconciled.. Older pattern; complex. It fits the requirement in the prompt about which option best describes lambda architecture. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q94. What is the primary purpose of Lambda architecture?

A. Batch + stream layers reconciled. B. Pure batch only. C. Pure RPC only. D. Pure stream.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Batch + stream layers reconciled.

For this question, Batch + stream layers reconciled. is correct. Older pattern; complex. It fits the requirement in the prompt about what is the primary purpose of lambda architecture. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q95. Which statement about Lambda architecture is most accurate?

A. Pure stream. B. Batch + stream layers reconciled. C. Pure batch only. D. Pure RPC only.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Batch + stream layers reconciled.

Batch + stream layers reconciled. is the correct answer here. Older pattern; complex. It fits the requirement in the prompt about which statement about lambda architecture is most accurate. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q96. How is Lambda architecture best characterized?

A. Pure stream. B. Pure batch only. C. Batch + stream layers reconciled. D. Pure RPC only.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: Batch + stream layers reconciled.

Here, Batch + stream layers reconciled. is the right choice. Older pattern; complex. This is the most accurate statement for how is lambda architecture best characterized. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q97. Which option best describes Kappa architecture?

A. All processing as a single streaming pipeline. B. Pure batch. C. Pure cron pipeline. D. Pure Lambda only.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: All processing as a single streaming pipeline.

In this case, All processing as a single streaming pipeline. is correct. Modern simplification. This is the most accurate statement for which option best describes kappa architecture. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q98. What is the primary purpose of Kappa architecture?

A. Pure Lambda only. B. All processing as a single streaming pipeline. C. Pure cron pipeline. D. Pure batch.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: All processing as a single streaming pipeline.

The best option here is All processing as a single streaming pipeline.. Modern simplification. This is the most accurate statement for what is the primary purpose of kappa architecture. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q99. Which statement about Kappa architecture is most accurate?

A. All processing as a single streaming pipeline. B. Pure Lambda only. C. Pure batch. D. Pure cron pipeline.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: All processing as a single streaming pipeline.

For this question, All processing as a single streaming pipeline. is correct. Modern simplification. This is the most accurate statement for which statement about kappa architecture is most accurate. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.

Q100. How is Kappa architecture best characterized?

A. Pure batch. B. Pure Lambda only. C. All processing as a single streaming pipeline. D. Pure cron pipeline.

Select an answer to check.

Answer: All processing as a single streaming pipeline.

All processing as a single streaming pipeline. is the correct answer here. Modern simplification. This is the most accurate statement for how is kappa architecture best characterized. The remaining choices fail because they don’t satisfy the full definition.